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fiscal year and posting period variant

Updated: 1 day ago

Fiscal Year Variant tells how your company structures the financial year like how many periods and special periods they have etc.


Types of fiscal year

  • Calendar year

    Financial year starts from January to December and will have 12 periods

  • Non calendar year

    Financial year starts from any month other than from January ,but will have 12 periods

  • Year Dependent

    Periods can vary each year

Special periods

SAP allows 4 special periods from 13 to 16 in order to have year end adjustments.

Here we can configure fiscal year on the assumption that our company codes fiscal year is Non calendar year with 4 special periods. In sap standard standard fiscal year is V3 for non calendar year and K4 for calendar year.


ASSIGN COMPANY CODE TO A FISCAL YEAR VARIANT

TCODE:OB37

PATH:SPRO>SAP REFERENCE IMG>FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING>FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING GLOBAL ACCOUNTING>LEDGER>FISCAL YEAR AND POSTING PERIODS>ASSIGN COMPANY CODE TO A FISCAL YEAR VARIANT


SAP configuration screen showing fiscal year variant and posting period settings, including number of periods, year-dependent setup, and special periods.





POSTING PERIOD VARIANT

Posting Period Variant controls which all period to be open and closed for posting transactions in a company code.

Lets assume our company code allows posting for the fiscal year 2025(current fiscal year).


DEFINE VARIANT FOR OPEN POSTING PERIOD

T CODE:OBBO

PATH:SPRO>SAP REFERENCE IMG>FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING>FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING GLOBAL ACCOUNTING>LEDGER>FISCAL YEAR AND POSTING PERIODS>POSTING PERIODS>DEFINE VARIANT FOR OPEN POSTING PERIOD.


Illustration explaining the relationship between fiscal year, posting periods, and special periods in SAP for accurate financial period control.








ASSIGN VARIANT TO COMPANY CODE

T CODE:OBBP

PATH:SPRO>SAP REFERENCE IMG>FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING>FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING GLOBAL ACCOUNTING>LEDGER>FISCAL YEAR AND POSTING PERIODS>POSTING PERIODS>ASSIGN VARIANT TO COMPANY CODE.


Visual representation of SAP fiscal year variant setup with monthly posting periods, showing how financial periods align with calendar months.






OPEN AND CLOSE POSTING PERIOD

T CODE:OB52

PATH:SPRO>SAP REFERENCE IMG>FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING>FINANCIAL ACCOUNTING GLOBAL ACCOUNTING>LEDGER>FISCAL YEAR AND POSTING PERIODS>POSTING PERIODS>OPEN AND CLOSE POSTING PERIOD


Table comparing different SAP fiscal year variants with corresponding posting period structures and year-dependency settings



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